The root causes of the conflict can be traced to the crisis of 14th-century Europe. ( January 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification. The French and English monarchies, previously intertwined, thereafter remained separate.

Each side drew many allies into the conflict, with English forces initially prevailing however, the French forces under House of Valois ultimately retained control over the Kingdom of France.

The war is commonly divided into three phases separated by truces: the Edwardian War (1337–1360), the Caroline War (1369–1389), and the Lancastrian War (1415–1453). The term 'Hundred Years' War' was adopted by later historians as a historiographical periodisation to encompass related conflicts, constructing the longest military conflict in European history. Stronger national identities took root in both countries, which became more centralised and gradually rose as global powers. Both sides produced innovations in military technology and tactics, including professional standing armies and artillery, that permanently changed warfare in Europe chivalry, which reached its height during the conflict, subsequently declined. The war's effect on European history was lasting.

For 116 years, interrupted by several truces, five generations of kings from two rival dynasties fought for the throne of France, the dominant kingdom in Western Europe. The Hundred Years' War was a significant conflict in the Middle Ages. The war grew into a broader power struggle involving factions from across Western Europe, fuelled by emerging nationalism on both sides. It originated from disputed claims to the French throne between the English House of Plantagenet and the French House of Valois. The Hundred Years' War ( French: La guerre de Cent Ans Picard: Dgère d'Un Chint An 1337–1453) was a series of armed conflicts between the kingdoms of England and France during the Late Middle Ages.

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